Which are the three major antiphospholipid antibodies (APL) forms?

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Multiple Choice

Which are the three major antiphospholipid antibodies (APL) forms?

Explanation:
Antiphospholipid antibodies come in three immunoglobulin classes, so the major forms are IgG, IgM, and IgA. These isotypes can be directed against phospholipid-protein complexes, such as anticardiolipin and anti-β2-glycoprotein I. IgG is often the most clinically impactful in terms of thrombosis risk, but IgM and IgA antibodies against these targets are also detected in testing. IgD is not a typical antiphospholipid antibody isotype, so it isn’t considered a major form.

Antiphospholipid antibodies come in three immunoglobulin classes, so the major forms are IgG, IgM, and IgA. These isotypes can be directed against phospholipid-protein complexes, such as anticardiolipin and anti-β2-glycoprotein I. IgG is often the most clinically impactful in terms of thrombosis risk, but IgM and IgA antibodies against these targets are also detected in testing. IgD is not a typical antiphospholipid antibody isotype, so it isn’t considered a major form.

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